• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:SU799673A3
    申请号:SU721779129
    申请日:1972-04-24
    公开日:1981-01-23
    发明作者:Шибер Франц；Хусняк Петар；Паро Фране；Коциоль Конрад；Ценк Баптист；Ленач-Лукацевич Нада；Целлнер Дитер；Вальзер Петер；Риттманн Фридрих
    申请人:К.Конрадти (Фирма)；Ина-Прерада-Загреб Рафинерия Зизак(Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a process for the production of special cokes which are suitable for the manufacture of thermally and electrically the edge of non-loaded graphite electrodes for use in arc furnaces. Such graphite electrodes, along with particularly high mechanical strength, require high thermal shock strength, i.e. at very large temperature ranges for a relatively short time interval, the electrodes should remain uncracked. This thermal shock resistance is determined by the type of raw material used to make the electrode. Improving the efficiency of electrometallurgical production is achieved, for example, with the help of a larger number of units of arc furnaces with a higher melting capacity, which is possible only when large transformers and are available. electrically highly loaded and thermal shock-resistant graphite electrodes. crucial for obtaining graphite electrodes with low thermal expansion coefficients. high electrical and thermal conductivity, as well as with good mechanical strength has the use of coke with certain qualitative characteristics, i.e. high density and low sulfur well graphitized, with low thermal expansion coefficients. As a rule, they have a continuous longitudinal structure and, upon microscopic examination, show large areas of anisotropy. A known method for producing high-quality coke for electrodes includes coking a raw material consisting of 70-90% aromatic products of thermal cracking (resin) and 10-30% residues of vacuum distillation of oil l. This method has the inherent disadvantage that high-quality coke for electrodes is obtained from expensive raw materials containing aromatic hydrocarbons and obtained by vacuum distillation. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the cost of obtaining special cokes, which are suitable for the manufacture of electrical and thermal high-loading graphite electrodes. The goal is achieved by using as a raw material a mixture of 50-90% of the residue of atmospheric distillation of oil with a density of from 0.935 to 0.965 g / cm, a viscosity from 2.8 to 4.3 ° Angler with a sulfur content of 0.85 to 1.10%, Conradson coke value from 5 to 7%, aromatic hydrocarbon content from 40 to 60%, asphaltene content below 1.8%, with a fraction of boiling point from 250 to 350 ° C less than 20 % and ash content less than 0.05%, and 1050% by weight of a catalytic cracking resin with a density from 0.90 to 0.95 g / cm, Engler viscosity from 2.5 to 3.2 at 50 ° С, sulfur content less than 0.6, coke value of Conradson from 3.5 to 4.5%, aromatic content more than 35%, asphaltene content less than 0.6%, 8-12% fraction with boiling point from 250 to 300 ° C, 30-40% of the fraction with a boiling point of 300-350 ° C or 1050% of gas and oil recirculates with a boiling point of 250 to 370 ° C. The preparation of the starting materials necessary for the proposed method, namely, the residue of atmospheric distillation and the catalytic residue released from the catalyst, is generally the usual way. The cokes produced are usually obtained with a much predominant proportion of the catalytic component. However, for those with significantly smaller proportions of 10–50%, mainly 20–40%, of the catalytic residue released from the catalyst mixed with the residue of atmospheric distillation, with exact observation of the characteristics of the residue of atmospheric distillation and a high cycle cycle, cokes with a very low thermal coefficient extensions. The table shows the characteristics of the residue of atmospheric distillation used to produce special coke, with various charges. 0.936 Density, g / cm 0.95 Sulfur,% Viscosity at 100 C, E2,67 Continuation of the table Conradson coke value,% 5.10 6.56 Aromatics content,% 44 57 Asphalt content,% 0.9 1, 6 ol fractions (250-350 С},% 15.6 16.5 Ash-forming elements,% 0.05 0.02 The catalytic residue released from the catalyst, which is mixed in an amount of 20-40%, has the following characteristics: Density, g / cm Viscosity at 50 ° С, Engler Sulfur content,% Coke value according to Conradson,% Aromatics content,% Asphalt content,% Fraction fraction (250-350 ° С), Ash-forming elements,% B of coke 800 tons of raw material are used in the installation, with 50% of the atmospheric distillation residue and 40% of the catalytic cracking residue released from the catalyst being taken in. The coking temperature is 487 ° C, the pressure is 4.6 atm, and the coke oven installation time is 36 hours. at a ratio of 1: 2.1: 3. The yield of fresh coke is 26%. When oil is stripped, the proportion of gas oil rises compared to normal cracking, while the amount of benzyl decreases. Contents С-j and С., less than normal. Installed characteristics for fresh coke: Volatile constituents,% 0.05-8.5 Actual density, g / cm 1.37-1.39 Apparent to density, g / cm3.0 Sulfur,% 1.11-1.15 Ash,% 0.06 The structure is longitudinally continuous, anisotropic.
    Coke is then calcined in the usual way in rotating tube furnaces at 1250 ° C.
    Calcium coke in several samples noKasjbJBaeT the following test results:
    Water content,% from 0.1 to 0.3 Volatile constituents,% from 0.2 to 0.5
    Ash content,% from 0.05 to 0.2 Sulfur content,% from 0.8 to 1.0 The actual density after annealing at 1300 ° С,
    g / see 2.11 to 3.1
    The thermal coefficient of volume expansion of graphite briquettes after processing at 2700 ° C,
    lOVcot 3.5 to
     Thermal expansion coefficient of graphite processed into samples
    coke, from 0.7 to 0.8 Grain shape Longitudinally continuous View Metallic
    brilliant, stem tex - round, crystalline
    The structure is dense, pore-depleted, strong-wired. The degree of anisotropy is high, the structural pre-orientation is good, and the presence of a homogeneous longitudinal anisotropic region with a large surface
    Graphitability Very Good The properties of the resulting coke are deteriorated if the proportion of catalytic cracking residue released from the catalyst in the feed rod is increased by the characteristics for the atmospheric distillation component. For example, the true density of coke falls from 2.11-2.13 g / cm E at 20-40% of the part of the catalytic residue released from the catalyst to 2.09 g / cm With a part of the catalytic residue released from the catalyst, it is above J50%.
    The use of raw materials with a share of 20–40% of the catalytic residue released from the catalyst is itself porous in coke. The pores are average. Even with a fraction above 50% of the catalytic residue released from the catalyst, the coke pores change: they have a large cross section. Anisotropic regions, on the contrary, with a fraction of the catalytic residue released from the catalyst above 50%, have a small surface. These figures also apply to cokes, which are obtained from a pure catalyst-free, catalytic residue.
    The yield of fresh coke at 20–30% 5 of the fraction of catalyst-free catalytic fraction has a maximum. This indicates special chemical processes that are believed to be motivated by a special composition.
    derived from pannonezh oil
    components.
    The invention described above represents the possibility of economical
    special cokes, which are necessary for high-loading graphite electrodes, since on the one hand there is no need for the coker unit to be pre-processed so far and on the other hand a much smaller fraction of the catalytic residue free from the catalyst is sufficient to special,
    electrode coke.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    Invention Formula
    A method for producing coke for electrodes, including coking residues, oil refining, about t and chi and so that, in order to reduce the cost of coke, a mixture of 50-90% of the residue is used as raw material
    atmospheric distillation of oil with a density from 0.935 to 0.965 g / cm, viscosity from 2.8 to 4.3 Engler at 100 ° С, sulfur content from 0.85 to
    0 1.10%, KOKcoBfciM value according to Conradson from 5 to 7%, the content of aromatic hydrocarbons from 40 to 60%, the content of asphaltenes below 1.8%, with the fraction of the boiling point from 250 to Z50c less than 20% and the content of ash-forming elements less than 0.05%, and 10-50% by weight of a catalytic cracking resin with a density of from 0.90 to 0.95 g / cm, Engler viscosity from 2.5 to 3.2 ° with sulfur content less than 0, 6%, Coondson value from 3.5 to 4.5%, aromatic content more than 35%, asphaltene content less than 0.6%, 8-12% fraction with temperature
    5 boiling points from 250 to 30-40% fraction77996738
    boiling point of 300-350 0 Sources of information
    or 10-50% of gas and oil re-taken into account during the examination
    circulations with boiling points 1. U.S. Patent W 2,922,755,
    from 250 to 370 S 208-39, published. 1960
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BG20820A3|1975-12-20|
    DE2122620A1|1972-11-09|
    CS208161B2|1981-08-31|
    TR16994A|1974-03-27|
    NL170641C|1982-12-01|
    NL7206084A|1972-11-09|
    IT956248B|1973-10-10|
    NL170641B|1982-07-01|
    EG10881A|1976-07-31|
    US3930985A|1976-01-06|
    DD96724A5|1973-04-05|
    RO71396A|1981-09-24|
    YU118672A|1980-03-15|
    HU163243B|1973-07-28|
    YU35158B|1980-09-25|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2775549A|1954-01-25|1956-12-25|Great Lakes Carbon Corp|Production of coke from petroleum hydrocarbons|
    US2922755A|1957-10-14|1960-01-26|Jr Roy C Hackley|Manufacture of graphitizable petroleum coke|
    US3344057A|1965-11-02|1967-09-26|Union Oil Co|Coking process|
    US3493489A|1968-04-17|1970-02-03|Chevron Res|Process for the production of jet fuel and middle distillates|
    US3704224A|1970-10-02|1972-11-28|Standard Oil Co|Process for manufacture of improved needle coke from petroleum|US4066532A|1975-06-30|1978-01-03|Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. Petrobras|Process for producing premium coke and aromatic residues for the manufacture of carbon black|
    US4140623A|1977-09-26|1979-02-20|Continental Oil Company|Inhibition of coke puffing|
    US4518486A|1980-12-24|1985-05-21|The Standard Oil Company|Concurrent production of two grades of coke using a single fractionator|
    US4547284A|1982-02-16|1985-10-15|Lummus Crest, Inc.|Coke production|
    US5350503A|1992-07-29|1994-09-27|Atlantic Richfield Company|Method of producing consistent high quality coke|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE19712122620|DE2122620C|1971-05-07|Process for the production of special cokes|
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